4-axis CNC machining center and 5-axis CNC machining center: the 4-axis CNC machining center is defined by adding a rotation axis to the traditional CNC machining center (3-axis). The rotation axis is composed of 4 axes by selecting any one of axis A, axis B, and axis C. The five-axis CNC machining center is composed of two axes selected from three axes. Different machines will choose different axes as the 4th or 5th axis according to different functional requirements.
Compared with the ordinary CNC machining center (three-axis), the four-axis increases the angular rotation of parts, and the five-axis increases the functions of angular rotation of parts and angular rotation of tools (both slow linkage), so that the ordinary CNC machining machine tool has the function of machining more complex parts.
The main difference between them is that the complexity of processing parts is different. The range of five-axis processing is wider than that of four-axis processing. At the same time, the cost of five-axis processing is also higher. Generally, it is more suitable for use in the product sample stage.
Five-axis processing includes Aeroengine Blades, shells, automobile, and shipbuilding industries. It is usually very suitable for extremely complex and strong parts that must be cast, such as parts with high relative accuracy and parts that cannot be clamped twice.
Four-axis machining parts are usually parts that cannot be machined by ordinary three-axis CNC, such as turbine, vortex rod, fan blade, wave wheel, and other curved surface and groove machining.
The 4axis CNC center can adapt to the parts processing in the mold industry, automobile parts and wheel hub processing, automatic machining, and is also widely used in aerospace and other fields. Industrial upgrading, intelligent manufacturing, unmanned factory and automatic assembly line are the most direct requirements of the processing and manufacturing industry for high-end machining machines.
1. Aerospace industry: Boeing 787 Aircraft propeller parts (titanium alloy or polymer materials), turbocharger (metal) parts, gearbox shell processing (casting), hydraulic system and component processing (casting), electromechanical component parts (metal), engine component processing (metal), landing gear assembly (integrated molding), UAV components (carbon fiber shell, propeller), etc. of Airbus A380 large aircraft.
2. Medical industry: bone plate processing (titanium TA2, etc.), medical bone contusion parts (pure titanium TA2) customization, implantable medical device parts processing, surgical robot, surgical instrument, surgical robot body, medical device parts processing, etc.
3. Automobile industry: such as engine block (casting), lamp reverse bowl (injection molded part), gearbox shell (casting), turbocharger assembly (casting), automobile valve, automobile brake system assembly, suspension pin and arm, transmission shaft, hydraulic connector and bushing, valve, pump body, etc.
4. Robot automation industry: such as robot reducer, robot joint, robot arm, exoskeleton wearable robot parts customization, quadruped robot parts CNC processing, etc.
The advantages of 4-axis and 5-axis linkage machining center compared with ordinary 3-axis machining center are mainly reflected as follows.
1. The available tools have been greatly expanded. 4-axis and 5-axis machine tools can use more processing tools at one time: turning tool, milling cutter, boring cutter, drill bit, spherical cutter, etc. Allowing for more options in processing technology.
2. More processing technologies make the clamping time shorter. One-time clamping can complete more processing procedures, making it possible not to need secondary clamping, which greatly reduces the quality problems of parts caused by secondary clamping.
3. No fixture (customized fixture). All processes are completed in one clamping, and there is no need to customize the clamping fixture due to the needs of processing technology, which directly reduces cost and time.
4. Greatly improve the surface processing quality of parts. One-time clamping can avoid the error caused by repeated positioning, improve the surface processing accuracy, multi process uninterrupted processing, and the positions that cannot be processed by ordinary machine tools can be completed at one time, which improves the surface quality of parts (smoothness, integrity, accuracy, etc.).
5. Extend the comprehensive life of the tool. The free choice of multiple processes makes the tool make the best use of everything, and there is no need for the milling cutter to waste time completing the boring process, making the wear position of each kind of cutter fixed and convenient for subsequent work such as inspection and maintenance, which directly improves the service life of the tool.
6. Improve production concentration. A machine can complete the functions and work of lathe, milling machine, boring machine, drilling machine, and other machine tools at one time, which greatly improves the production concentration.
7. Improve processing production and enterprise efficiency. To sum up, the quality of parts processed by 4-axis and 5-axis machine tools is guaranteed, reducing processing loss, improving concentration and facilitating enterprise management, which directly reduces processing costs and improves enterprise efficiency.
